====== Linux Reconnaissance ====== ===== Hardware & Firmware ===== ==== General Hardware Overview ==== === lshw === lshw (List Hardware) command untuk mengelist keterangan perangkat pada devices lshw fahriza@fahriza:~$ sudo lshw description: Notebook product: 20237 (LENOVO_MT_20237) vendor: LENOVO version: Lenovo G410 serial: 3298012902804 width: 64 bits capabilities: smbios-2.7 dmi-2.7 smp vsyscall32 configuration: administrator_password=disabled boot=normal chassis=notebook family=IDEAPAD frontpanel_password=disabled keyboard_password=disabled power-on_password=disabled sku=LENOVO_MT_20237 uuid=f591d27d-8643-e311-a96b-201a063aca7b *-core description: Motherboard product: INVALID vendor: LENOVO physical id: 0 version: 00000000Not Defined serial: CB28459734 slot: Type2 - Board Chassis Location *-firmware description: BIOS vendor: LENOVO physical id: 0 version: 79CN44WW(V3.03) date: 12/07/2013 size: 128KiB capacity: 6656KiB capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppynec int13floppytoshiba int13floppy360 int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int9keyboard int10video acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi *-cpu description: CPU product: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4200M CPU @ 2.50GHz vendor: Intel Corp. physical id: 4 bus info: cpu@0 version: 6.60.3 serial: To Be Filled By O.E.M. slot: U3E1 size: 2095MHz capacity: 3100MHz width: 64 bits clock: 100MHz capabilities: lm fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp x86-64 constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm cpuid_fault epb pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow flexpriority ept vpid ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid xsaveopt dtherm ida arat pln pts vnmi md_clear flush_l1d cpufreq configuration: cores=2 enabledcores=2 microcode=40 threads=4 *-cache:0 description: L1 cache physical id: b slot: L1 Cache size: 32KiB capacity: 32KiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-back instruction configuration: level=1 *-cache:1 description: L2 cache physical id: c slot: L2 Cache size: 256KiB capacity: 256KiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-back unified configuration: level=2 *-cache:2 description: L3 cache physical id: d slot: L3 Cache size: 3MiB capacity: 3MiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-back unified configuration: level=3 *-cache description: L1 cache physical id: a slot: L1 Cache size: 32KiB capacity: 32KiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-back data configuration: level=1 *-memory description: System Memory physical id: 2a slot: System board or motherboard size: 12GiB *-bank:0 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1600 MHz (0,6 ns) product: 99U5428-063.A00LF vendor: Kingston physical id: 0 serial: 5A22E6D4 slot: DIMM0 size: 8GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1600MHz (0.6ns) *-bank:1 description: DIMM [empty] product: Empty vendor: Empty physical id: 1 serial: Empty slot: DIMM1 *-bank:2 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1600 MHz (0,6 ns) product: RMT3170ME68F9F1600 vendor: Unknown physical id: 2 serial: 43160C0B slot: DIMM2 size: 4GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1600MHz (0.6ns) *-bank:3 description: DIMM [empty] product: Empty vendor: Empty physical id: 3 serial: Empty slot: DIMM3 *-pci description: Host bridge product: Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 100 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0 version: 06 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz *-pci:0 description: PCI bridge product: Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor PCI Express x16 Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1 bus info: pci@0000:00:01.0 version: 06 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pm msi pciexpress normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:24 ioport:4000(size=4096) memory:b8000000-b8ffffff ioport:b0000000(size=134217728) *-display description: Display controller product: Sun PRO [Radeon HD 8570A/8570M] vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0 version: 00 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm pciexpress msi bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=radeon latency=0 resources: irq:31 memory:b0000000-b7ffffff memory:b8000000-b803ffff ioport:4000(size=256) memory:b8040000-b805ffff *-display description: VGA compatible controller product: 4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0 logical name: /dev/fb0 version: 06 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom fb configuration: depth=32 driver=i915 latency=0 resolution=1366,768 resources: irq:33 memory:b9000000-b93fffff memory:a0000000-afffffff ioport:5000(size=64) memory:c0000-dffff *-multimedia:0 description: Audio device product: Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 3 bus info: pci@0000:00:03.0 logical name: card1 logical name: /dev/snd/controlC1 logical name: /dev/snd/hwC1D0 logical name: /dev/snd/pcmC1D3p logical name: /dev/snd/pcmC1D7p logical name: /dev/snd/pcmC1D8p version: 06 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0 resources: irq:34 memory:b9610000-b9613fff *-input:0 product: HDA Intel HDMI HDMI/DP,pcm=3 physical id: 0 logical name: input11 logical name: /dev/input/event10 *-input:1 product: HDA Intel HDMI HDMI/DP,pcm=7 physical id: 1 logical name: input12 logical name: /dev/input/event11 *-input:2 product: HDA Intel HDMI HDMI/DP,pcm=8 physical id: 2 logical name: input13 logical name: /dev/input/event12 *-usb:0 description: USB controller product: 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 14 bus info: pci@0000:00:14.0 version: 05 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi xhci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=xhci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:28 memory:b9600000-b960ffff *-usbhost:0 product: xHCI Host Controller vendor: Linux 6.8.0-79-generic xhci-hcd physical id: 0 bus info: usb@3 logical name: usb3 version: 6.08 capabilities: usb-2.00 configuration: driver=hub slots=14 speed=480Mbit/s *-usb:0 description: Video product: Lenovo EasyCamera vendor: Generic physical id: 4 bus info: usb@3:4 version: 3.27 serial: 200901010001 capabilities: usb-2.00 configuration: driver=uvcvideo maxpower=500mA speed=480Mbit/s *-usb:1 description: MMC Host product: USB2.0-CRW vendor: Generic physical id: 8 bus info: usb@3:8 logical name: mmc0 version: 39.60 serial: 20100201396000000 capabilities: usb-2.00 configuration: driver=rtsx_usb maxpower=500mA speed=480Mbit/s *-usbhost:1 product: xHCI Host Controller vendor: Linux 6.8.0-79-generic xhci-hcd physical id: 1 bus info: usb@4 logical name: usb4 version: 6.08 capabilities: usb-3.00 configuration: driver=hub slots=4 speed=5000Mbit/s *-communication description: Communication controller product: 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 16 bus info: pci@0000:00:16.0 version: 04 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=mei_me latency=0 resources: irq:30 memory:b9618000-b961800f *-usb:1 description: USB controller product: 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #2 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1a bus info: pci@0000:00:1a.0 version: 05 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci-pci latency=0 resources: irq:21 memory:b961d000-b961d3ff *-usbhost product: EHCI Host Controller vendor: Linux 6.8.0-79-generic ehci_hcd physical id: 1 bus info: usb@1 logical name: usb1 version: 6.08 capabilities: usb-2.00 configuration: driver=hub slots=2 speed=480Mbit/s *-usb description: USB hub product: Integrated Rate Matching Hub vendor: Intel Corp. physical id: 1 bus info: usb@1:1 version: 0.05 capabilities: usb-2.00 configuration: driver=hub slots=6 speed=480Mbit/s *-multimedia:1 description: Audio device product: 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1b bus info: pci@0000:00:1b.0 logical name: card0 logical name: /dev/snd/controlC0 logical name: /dev/snd/hwC0D0 logical name: /dev/snd/pcmC0D0c logical name: /dev/snd/pcmC0D0p version: 05 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0 resources: irq:32 memory:b9614000-b9617fff *-input:0 product: HDA Intel PCH Mic physical id: 0 logical name: input7 logical name: /dev/input/event6 *-input:1 product: HDA Intel PCH Headphone physical id: 1 logical name: input8 logical name: /dev/input/event7 *-pci:1 description: PCI bridge product: 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.0 version: d5 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:25 ioport:2000(size=4096) memory:9fb00000-9fcfffff ioport:9fd00000(size=2097152) *-pci:2 description: PCI bridge product: 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #2 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.1 version: d5 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:26 memory:b9500000-b95fffff *-network description: Wireless interface product: BCM43142 802.11b/g/n vendor: Broadcom Inc. and subsidiaries physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:08:00.0 logical name: wlp8s0 version: 01 serial: 34:23:87:e9:09:af width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=wl0 driverversion=6.30.223.271 (r587334) ip=10.21.0.209 latency=0 multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11 resources: irq:17 memory:b9500000-b9507fff *-pci:3 description: PCI bridge product: 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.2 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.2 version: d5 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:27 ioport:3000(size=4096) memory:b9400000-b94fffff *-network description: Ethernet interface product: QCA8172 Fast Ethernet vendor: Qualcomm Atheros physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:09:00.0 logical name: enp9s0 version: 10 serial: 20:1a:06:3a:ca:7b capacity: 100Mbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm pciexpress msi msix bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=alx driverversion=6.8.0-79-generic latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair resources: irq:18 memory:b9400000-b943ffff ioport:3000(size=128) *-usb:2 description: USB controller product: 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1d bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.0 version: 05 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci-pci latency=0 resources: irq:23 memory:b961c000-b961c3ff *-usbhost product: EHCI Host Controller vendor: Linux 6.8.0-79-generic ehci_hcd physical id: 1 bus info: usb@2 logical name: usb2 version: 6.08 capabilities: usb-2.00 configuration: driver=hub slots=2 speed=480Mbit/s *-usb description: USB hub product: Integrated Rate Matching Hub vendor: Intel Corp. physical id: 1 bus info: usb@2:1 version: 0.05 capabilities: usb-2.00 configuration: driver=hub slots=8 speed=480Mbit/s *-isa description: ISA bridge product: HM86 Express LPC Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.0 version: 05 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: isa bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=lpc_ich latency=0 resources: irq:0 *-pnp00:00 product: PnP device PNP0c02 physical id: 0 capabilities: pnp configuration: driver=system *-pnp00:01 product: PnP device PNP0c02 physical id: 1 capabilities: pnp configuration: driver=system *-pnp00:02 product: PnP device PNP0b00 physical id: 2 capabilities: pnp configuration: driver=rtc_cmos *-pnp00:03 product: PnP device INT3f0d vendor: Interphase Corporation physical id: 3 capabilities: pnp configuration: driver=system *-pnp00:04 product: PnP device ETD0613 vendor: ELAN MICROELECTRONICS CORPORATION physical id: 4 capabilities: pnp configuration: driver=i8042 aux *-pnp00:05 product: PnP device PNP0303 physical id: 5 capabilities: pnp configuration: driver=i8042 kbd *-pnp00:06 product: PnP device PNP0c02 physical id: 6 capabilities: pnp configuration: driver=system *-input product: Ideapad extra buttons physical id: 7 logical name: input6 logical name: /dev/input/event5 capabilities: platform *-sata description: SATA controller product: 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.2 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2 logical name: scsi4 logical name: scsi5 version: 05 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: sata msi pm ahci_1.0 bus_master cap_list emulated configuration: driver=ahci latency=0 resources: irq:29 ioport:5088(size=8) ioport:5094(size=4) ioport:5080(size=8) ioport:5090(size=4) ioport:5060(size=32) memory:b961b000-b961b7ff *-disk description: ATA Disk product: KINGSTON SA400S3 physical id: 0 bus info: scsi@4:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/sda version: T1A3 serial: 50026B72833D36DC size: 223GiB (240GB) capabilities: gpt-1.00 partitioned partitioned:gpt configuration: ansiversion=5 guid=93f5e210-8724-4ded-97f5-bfb7b75a5313 logicalsectorsize=512 sectorsize=512 *-volume:0 UNCLAIMED description: Windows FAT volume vendor: mkfs.fat physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@4:0.0.0,1 version: FAT32 serial: 00d8-78ed size: 1950MiB capacity: 1951MiB capabilities: boot fat initialized configuration: FATs=2 filesystem=fat *-volume:1 description: Linux swap volume vendor: Linux physical id: 2 bus info: scsi@4:0.0.0,2 logical name: /dev/sda2 version: 1 serial: fc180018-a2ef-4e8e-a2dd-69e412367fc4 size: 14GiB capacity: 14GiB capabilities: nofs swap initialized configuration: filesystem=swap pagesize=4095 *-volume:2 description: EXT4 volume vendor: Linux physical id: 3 bus info: scsi@4:0.0.0,3 logical name: /dev/sda3 logical name: / version: 1.0 serial: 41b4144b-009f-49f7-b230-6e1220d6e9d7 size: 139GiB capabilities: journaled extended_attributes large_files huge_files dir_nlink recover 64bit extents ext4 ext2 initialized configuration: created=2024-09-12 10:29:17 filesystem=ext4 lastmountpoint=/ modified=2025-08-28 11:07:24 mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro mounted=2025-08-28 11:07:24 state=mounted *-volume:3 description: EXT4 volume vendor: Linux physical id: 4 bus info: scsi@4:0.0.0,4 logical name: /dev/sda4 logical name: /home version: 1.0 serial: d05289cc-43f6-40c6-b9fa-e4096f7441fd size: 67GiB capabilities: journaled extended_attributes large_files huge_files dir_nlink recover 64bit extents ext4 ext2 initialized configuration: created=2024-09-12 10:29:19 filesystem=ext4 lastmountpoint=/home modified=2025-08-28 11:07:25 mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime mounted=2025-08-28 11:07:25 state=mounted *-cdrom description: DVD-RAM writer product: DVD-RAM UJ8E1 vendor: MATSHITA physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@5:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom logical name: /dev/sr0 version: 8.71 capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc *-serial description: SMBus product: 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.3 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.3 version: 05 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz configuration: driver=i801_smbus latency=0 resources: irq:18 memory:b9619000-b96190ff ioport:5040(size=32) *-battery description: Lithium Ion Battery product: CRB Battery 0 vendor: -Virtual Battery 0- physical id: 1 version: 07/07/2010 serial: Battery 0 slot: Fake *-power UNCLAIMED description: OEM_Define1 product: OEM_Define5 vendor: OEM_Define2 physical id: 2 version: OEM_Define6 serial: OEM_Define3 capacity: 75mWh *-input:0 product: Power Button physical id: 3 logical name: input0 logical name: /dev/input/event0 capabilities: platform *-input:1 product: Lid Switch physical id: 4 logical name: input1 logical name: /dev/input/event1 capabilities: platform *-input:2 product: Video Bus physical id: 5 logical name: input10 logical name: /dev/input/event9 capabilities: platform *-input:3 product: Power Button physical id: 6 logical name: input2 logical name: /dev/input/event2 capabilities: platform *-input:4 product: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard physical id: 7 logical name: input3 logical name: /dev/input/event3 logical name: input3::capslock logical name: input3::numlock logical name: input3::scrolllock capabilities: i8042 *-input:5 product: SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad physical id: 8 logical name: input5 logical name: /dev/input/event4 logical name: /dev/input/mouse0 capabilities: i8042 *-input:6 product: Video Bus physical id: 9 logical name: input9 logical name: /dev/input/event8 capabilities: platform ---- List opsi command yang sering digunakan * **lshw** – Informasi detail mengenai hardware devices * **lshw -short** – Menampilkan summary dari hardware (list pendek) * **lshw -class ** / **sudo lshw -C** – Menampilan bagian spesifik (Seperti CPU, memory, Network,etc.). * **lshw -html** – Mengeluarkan output hardware ke dalam HTML format. (WebViews) * **sudo lshw -json** – Mengeluarkan output hardware ke dalam JSON. * **sudo lshw -xml** – Mengeluarkan output hardware ke dalam XML. ==== PCI Dan USB Devices ==== === lspci === ''%%lspci%%'' Merupakan commands untuk menampilkan bus PCI yang terhubung pada perangkat. sysadmin@fahriza:~$ sudo lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 06) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor PCI Express x16 Controller (rev 06) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06) 00:03.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller (rev 06) 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI (rev 05) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #2 (rev 05) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev d5) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #2 (rev d5) 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3 (rev d5) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #1 (rev 05) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM86 Express LPC Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] (rev 05) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 05) 01:00.0 Display controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Sun PRO [Radeon HD 8570A/8570M] 08:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Inc. and subsidiaries BCM43142 802.11b/g/n (rev 01) 09:00.0 Ethernet controller: Qualcomm Atheros QCA8172 Fast Ethernet (rev 10) ---- List opsi command yang sering digunakan * **lspci -v** / **lspci -vnn** – Menampilkan informasi perangkat PCI secara lebih detail (verbose). * **lspci -k** – Menampilkan driver kernel yang sedang digunakan oleh perangkat. * **lspci -nn** – Menampilkan ID vendor dan device dalam format numerik dan nama. * **lspci -t** – Menampilkan topologi PCI dalam bentuk pohon (tree view). * **lspci -s ** – Menampilkan hanya perangkat pada slot PCI tertentu (misalnya `00:1f.2`). === lsusb === ''%%lsusb%%'' Merupakan command untuk menampilkan daftar perangkat USB yang terhubung pada sistem. ilyasa@lept0p:~$ lsusb Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 13d3:3537 IMC Networks Bluetooth Radio Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0781:5567 SanDisk Corp. Cruzer Blade Bus 001 Device 004: ID 21c4:0cc7 Lexar USB Flash Drive Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 002: ID 13d3:56a2 IMC Networks USB2.0 HD UVC WebCam Bus 003 Device 003: ID 248a:8514 Maxxter Wireless Receiver Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub ---- List opsi command yang sering digunakan * **lsusb -v** – Menampilkan informasi perangkat USB secara lebih detail (verbose). * **lsusb -t** – Menampilkan topologi perangkat USB dalam bentuk pohon (tree view). * **lsusb -s \:\** – Menampilkan hanya perangkat tertentu berdasarkan bus dan device. * **lsusb -d \:\** – Menampilkan hanya perangkat USB dengan ID vendor dan product tertentu. * **lsusb -D /dev/bus/usb/\/\** – Menampilkan informasi detail dari file device USB tertentu. === lscpu === ''%%lscpu%%'' Merupakan command untuk menampilkan informasi detail tentang prosesor (CPU) yang digunakan pada sistem. ilyasa@lept0p:~$ lscpu Architecture: x86_64 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit Address sizes: 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 8 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-7 Vendor ID: AuthenticAMD Model name: AMD Ryzen 5 3550H with Radeon Vega Mobile Gfx CPU family: 23 Model: 24 Thread(s) per core: 2 Core(s) per socket: 4 Socket(s): 1 Stepping: 1 Frequency boost: enabled CPU(s) scaling MHz: 63% CPU max MHz: 2100.0000 CPU min MHz: 1400.0000 BogoMIPS: 4192.04 Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pg e mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht s yscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constan t_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc cpuid extd_apicid a perfmperf rapl pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdra nd lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm ss e4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw skinit wdt tce t opoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb bpext perfctr_llc mw aitx cpb hw_pstate ssbd ibpb vmmcall fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 rdseed adx smap clflushopt sha_ni xs aveopt xsavec xgetbv1 clzero xsaveerptr arat npt lb rv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbya sid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold avic v_vm save_vmload vgif overflow_recov succor smca sev sev _es Virtualization features: Virtualization: AMD-V Caches (sum of all): L1d: 128 KiB (4 instances) L1i: 256 KiB (4 instances) L2: 2 MiB (4 instances) L3: 4 MiB (1 instance) NUMA: NUMA node(s): 1 NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-7 Vulnerabilities: Gather data sampling: Not affected Ghostwrite: Not affected Indirect target selection: Not affected Itlb multihit: Not affected L1tf: Not affected Mds: Not affected Meltdown: Not affected Mmio stale data: Not affected Reg file data sampling: Not affected Retbleed: Mitigation; untrained return thunk; SMT vulnerable Spec rstack overflow: Mitigation; Safe RET Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via p rctl Spectre v1: Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user poi nter sanitization Spectre v2: Mitigation; Retpolines; IBPB conditional; STIBP dis abled; RSB filling; PBRSB-eIBRS Not affected; BHI N ot affected Srbds: Not affected Tsx async abort: Not affected ---- List opsi command yang sering digunakan * **lscpu** – Menampilkan ringkasan informasi CPU (default). * **lscpu -e** – Menampilkan informasi CPU dalam bentuk tabel per-core. * **lscpu -p** – Menampilkan informasi CPU dalam format yang lebih ringkas dan mudah diparsing. * **lscpu --extended=ALL** – Menampilkan semua kolom informasi CPU yang tersedia. * **lscpu --online** – Menampilkan hanya CPU yang sedang aktif (online). * **lscpu --offline** – Menampilkan CPU yang tersedia tetapi tidak aktif (offline). === lsblk === ''%%lsblk%%'' Merupakan command untuk menampilkan informasi perangkat penyimpanan (storage) dan partisi yang ada pada sistem. ---- List opsi command yang sering digunakan * **lsblk** – Menampilkan daftar device block beserta mountpoint. * **lsblk -f** – Menampilkan informasi filesystem (tipe, label, UUID). * **lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,TYPE,MOUNTPOINT** – Menampilkan kolom tertentu sesuai kebutuhan. * **lsblk -p** – Menampilkan path device secara penuh (/dev/...). * **lsblk -J** – Menampilkan output dalam format JSON. === dmidecode === ''%%dmidecode%%'' Merupakan command untuk membaca informasi firmware, BIOS, motherboard, dan komponen lain dari DMI/SMBIOS. ---- List opsi command yang sering digunakan * **dmidecode -t bios** – Menampilkan informasi BIOS/UEFI. * **dmidecode -t system** – Menampilkan informasi sistem (vendor, model). * **dmidecode -t baseboard** – Menampilkan informasi motherboard. * **dmidecode -t processor** – Menampilkan informasi prosesor. * **dmidecode -t memory** – Menampilkan informasi memori (slot, kapasitas).