Cisco : Dynamic Routing

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====== Cisco : Dynamic Routing - OSPF (multi area) ======
Pada halaman OSPF sebelumnya [[ospf-1a|]] kita hanya menkonfigurasi topologi ospf single area. sekarang kita akan konfigurasi topology dengan ospf multi area. Kenapa? Dengan Multi Area OSPF Jaringan dibagi menjadi beberapa area, dengan satu area backbone (area 0) yang menghubungkan semua area lainnya. Ini bertujuan dalam meningkatkan
  - Skalabilitas: Memungkinkan pembagian jaringan besar menjadi segmen-segmen yang lebih kecil, sehingga mengurangi beban pada router dan LSDB.
  - Pengurangan Overhead: Mengurangi jumlah rute yang perlu disimpan dan diproses oleh setiap router, karena informasi routing terbatas pada area masing-masing.
  - Keamanan dan Kontrol: Memungkinkan lebih banyak kontrol dan segmentasi, serta dapat meningkatkan keamanan dengan membatasi penyebaran informasi routing.

===== Syntax =====

==== Konfigurasi OSPF ====

^Command                                                                           ^Description                                                        ^
|''%%R1(config)#router ospf [PID]%%''                                              |Process ID [PID] (1 - 65535)                                       |
|''%%R1(config-router)#router-id [a.b.c.d]%%''                                     |menual mengatur router ID, dengan IPv4 format.                     |
|''%%R1(config-router)#network [network-address] [wildcard-mask] area [area id]%%''|Untuk semua network yang terhubung langsung. Area ID 0 - 4294967295|
<WRAP center round tip 90%>
 **''%%area id%%'' dapat ditulis dengan format ip adress**
ProTip: Begaimana cara mengetahui network yang terhubung langsung dengan router?\\
apat diketahu dengan ''%%R1(config)#do show ip route con%%'' command.
</WRAP>

==== OSPF verification ====

^Command                                   ^Description                                                                ^
|''%%R1#show ip protocols%%''              |PID, router ID, advertised networks, neighbors dan administrative distance.|
|''%%R1#show ip route%%''                  |                                                                           |
|''%%R1#show ip ospf neighbor%%''          |lis OSPF neighbor                                                          |
|''%%R1#show ip ospf%%''                   |identify the PID, router ID, area information, dan waktu                   |
|''%%R1#show ip ospf interface brief%%''   |                                                                           |
|''%%R1#show ip ospf interface%%''         |list ospf interfaces                                                       |
|''%%R1#show ip ospf interface [int-id]%%''|Lebih detail                                                               |

Contoh:
<code>
router ospf 1
 network X.X.X.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network Y.Y.Y.0 0.0.0.3 area 1
</code>

===== Topologi =====
{{ :networking:cisco:cisco_ospf-multiarea.png?nolink |}}
<hidden Preconfiguration>
  * **BR1 : Preconfig**
<code json>
hostname BR1 
! 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0 
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 
! 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 
ip address 201.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 
! 
interface GigabitEthernet0/1/0 
ip address 200.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 
! 
</code>
  * **BR2 : Preconfig**
<code json>
hostname BR2 
! 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0 
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 
! 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 
ip address 200.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 
! 
interface GigabitEthernet0/1/0 
ip address 202.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 
</code>
  * **ABR1 : Preconfig**
<code json>
hostname ABR1 
! 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0 
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 
! 
interface GigabitEthernet0/1 
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.252 
! 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 
ip address 201.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 
!
</code>
  * **ABR2 : Preconfig**
<code json>
hostname ABR2 
! 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 
ip address 202.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 
! 
interface Serial0/1/0 
ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.252 
! 
</code>
  * **R1 : Preconfig**
<code json>
hostname R1 
! 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0 
ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 
! 
interface GigabitEthernet0/1 
ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 
! 
</code>
  * **R2 : Preconfig**
<code json>
hostname R2 
! 
interface GigabitEthernet0/0 
ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.252 
! 
interface GigabitEthernet0/1 
ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 
!
</code>
  * **R3 : Preconfig**
<code json>
hostname R3 
! 
interface GigabitEthernet0/1 
ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0 
! 
interface Serial0/0/0 
ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.252 
clock rate 2000000 
</code>

</hidden>
===== Konfigurasi =====
  * **BR1 : Konfigurasi OSPF**
<code json>
BR1(config)#router ospf 1
BR1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
BR1(config-router)#network 200.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
BR1(config-router)#network 201.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
</code>
  * **BR2 : Konfigurasi OSPF**
<code json>
BR2(config)#router ospf 1
BR2(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
BR2(config-router)#network 200.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
BR2(config-router)#network 202.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
</code>
  * **ABR1 : Konfigurasi OSPF**
<code js>
ABR1(config)#router ospf 1
ABR1(config-router)#network 201.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
ABR1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 1
ABR1(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 1
</code>
  * **ABR2 : Konfigurasi OSPF**
<code json>
ABR2(config)#router ospf 1
ABR2(config-router)#network 202.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
ABR2(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 2
</code>
  * **R1 : Konfigurasi OSPF**
<code json>
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
R1(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 1
</code>
  * **R2 : Konfigurasi OSPF**
<code json>
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
R2(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 1
</code>
  * **R3 : Konfigurasi OSPF**
<code json>
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
R3(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 2
</code>