Cisco : Static Routing [IlyasaWiki]

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====== Cisco : Static Routing ======
Static routing ialah sebuah konsep jaringan yang penting yang melibatkan konfigurasi rute secara manual pada router. Rute ini mengarahkan perutean ke tujuan jaringan tertentu dan memiliki administrative distance (AD) 1, yang menjadikannya sangat tepercaya, nomor dua setelah rute yang terhubung secara langsung AD 0.

===== Syntax =====
<code>
R1(config)#ip route [network-address] [subnet-mask] ([next-hop-ip] [exit-int])
</code>
  * network-address: Network Tujuan
  * subnet-mask: subnet mask network tujuan
  * next-hop-ip: IP address  dari next hop network tujuan.
  * exit-int: interface dari next hop network tujuan.

==== Tipe static route ====
  * **Default Static Route**
<code>
R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 ([next-hop-ip] [exit-int])
</code>
Default route statis digunakan ketika tidak ada route lain yang cocok dengan alamat IP tujuan. Ini akan menjadi rute pilihan terakhir.

  * **Floating static route**
<code>
R1(config)#ip route [network-address] [subnet-mask] ([next-hop-ip] [exit-int]) [AD]
</code>
Floating static route adalah rute cadangan dengan administrative distance yang lebih tinggi, sehingga membuatnya jadi rute cadangan jika rute utama gagal.


===== Topologi =====
{{ :networking:cisco:cisco_static-routing.png?nolink |}}

Hubungkan semua segment dengan hanya static routing
===== Konfigurasi =====
  * **R1 : Tambah static route ke 192.168.13.0/24,192.168.2.0/24**
<code>
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.13.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.12.2
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.12.2
</code>
  * **R1 : Tambah static route ke 192.168.1.0/24,192.168.2.0/24**
<code>
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.12.1
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.13.1
</code>
  * **R3 : Tambah static route ke 192.168.1.0/24,192.168.12.0/24**
<code>
R3(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.13.2
R3(config)#ip route 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.13.2
</code>
===== Testing =====
* **Route tables R1**
<code>
R1#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L       192.168.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
S    192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.12.2
     192.168.12.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L       192.168.12.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
S    192.168.13.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.12.2
</code>

* **Route tables R2**
<code>
R1#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L       192.168.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
S    192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.12.2
     192.168.12.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L       192.168.12.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
S    192.168.13.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.12.2
</code>
* **Route tables R3**
<code>
R3#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

S    192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.13.2
     192.168.2.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L       192.168.2.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
S    192.168.12.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.13.2
     192.168.13.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       192.168.13.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L       192.168.13.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
</code>
* **Test Ping PC to PC**

<code>
C:\>ping 192.168.2.2

Pinging 192.168.2.2 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=125

Ping statistics for 192.168.2.2:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
</code>